|
PHUENTSHOLING |
PARO |
THIMPHU |
PUNAKHA |
WANGDUEPHODRANG |
GANGTEY GOMPA / PHOBJIKHA |
TRONGSA |
BUMTHANG |
MONGAR |
TRASHIGANG |
TRASHIYANGTSE |
SAMDRUP JONGKHAR
PHUENTSHOLING
 The
frontier town, it is a thriving commercial centre, situated directly at the
base of Himalayan foothills. It is a fascinating place where different
ethnic groups mingle prominently Indian, Bhutanese and Nepalese. Being the
border town, Phunetsholing serves as the convenient entry/exit point for
Bhutan and also the important link to visit the Indian state of West Bengal, Sikkim and Assam.
Places of Interest in PHUENTSHOLING
Zangtho Pelri
Situated in city centre, this small temple represents the heaven of Guru
Rinpoche. On ground floor there are statues of eight manifestations of Guru
Rinpoche and paintings on Buddha’s life while the next floor contains eight
Bodhisattavas and statues of Avalokiteshvara and Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal.
On top floor, there is a main statue of Amitabha.
Kharbandi
Goemba
Founded in 1967 by Royal Grand Mother, Ashi Phuntsho Choedron and situated
at the altitude of 400m, this beautiful monastery contains paintings on the
life of Buddha, statues of Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal and Guru Rinpoche. From
the monastery garden there is a fascinating view of Phuentholing town and
surrounding plains.
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PARO (alt. 2,200m)
 The beautiful valley of Paro encapsulates within itself a rich culture,
scenic beauty and hundreds of myths and legends. It is home to many of
Bhutan’s oldest temples and monasteries, National Museum and country’s only
airport. Mount. Chomolhari (7,314m) reigns in white glory at the northern
end of the valley and its glacial water plunge through deep gorges to form
Pa Chhu (Paro river). Paro is also one of the most fertile valley in the
Kingdom producing a bulk of the locally famous red rice from its terraced
fields.
Places of Interest in PARO
Rinpung
Dzong
Built in 1646 by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal , the first spiritual and
temporal ruler of Bhutan, the Dzong houses the monastic body of Paro, the
office of the Dzongda (district administrative head) and Thrimpon (judge) of
Paro district. The approach to the Dzong is through a traditional covered
bridge called Nemi Zam. A walk through the bridge, over a stone inlaid path,
offers a good view of the architectural wonder of the Dzong as well as life
around it. It is also the venue of Paro Tshechu, held once a year in the
sprng.
Ta Dzong
One time watch tower built to defend Rinpung Dozng during inter-valley wars
of the 17th century, since 1967 Ta Dzong is serving as the National Museum
of the country. It holds fascinating collection of art, relics, religious
thangkha paintings and Bhutan’s exquisite postage stamps. The museum
circular shape augments its varied collection displayed over several floors.
Drukgyel Dzong
This Dzong, with a delightful village nestling at its foot, was built in
1646 by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal to commemorate his victory over the
Tibetan invaders. Historically and strategically this Dzong withstood all
its glory and was featured in 1914 vide National Geographic magazine. The
glory of Drukgyel Dzong remained even when its was destroyed by fire in
1951. On a clear day, one can see the commanding view of Mount. Chomolhari
from the village, below the Dzong.
Kyichu Lhakhang
 It is one of the oldest and most sacred shrines of the Kingdom dating back
to 7th century (the other is Jambey Lhakahng in Bumthang). The lhakhang
complex is composed of two temples. The first temple was built by Tibetan
King, Songtsen Gampo in the 7th century and in 1968, H.M. Ashi Kesang, the
Queen Mother of Bhutan, built the second temple in same original pattern.
Farm House
The natural beauty of Paro valley is enhanced by picturesque farm
houses dotted about the fields and on the hillsides. The two to
three-storied Bhutanese farm houses are handsome in appearance, with
colorfully decorated outer walls and lintels, and are traditionally built
without the use of single nail. All houses follow the same architectural
style. A visit to a farm house gives an interesting glimpse into the
lifestyle of a farming family.
Druk Choeding
Built in 1525, this town temple was formed by Ngawang Chhogyel, one of the
prince-abbots of Ralung in Tibet and an ancestor of the Shabdrung Ngawang
Namgyal.
Taktshang Lhakhang (Tiger’s Nest)
 This
most famous of Bhutan’s monasteries is spectacularly perched on the side of
a cliff 900m above the Paro valley floor. Taktsang is a place of pilgrimage
which Bhutanese try to visit at least once in a lifetime. It is said that in
the 8th century Guru Rinpoche flew on the back of a tigress from eastern
Bhutan to this place and meditated in a cave here for 3 months, hence its
name, ‘Tiger’s Nest’. The site, which has long been recognized as a most
sacred place, was visited by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal in 1646. The
principal lhakhang of the present monastic complex dates from 1692. The main
structure was severely damaged by fire in 1998, but after many years of
painstaking renovation work, the complex has now been fully restored to its
former glory.
The excursion up to the cafeteria, which is situated on a rocky outcrop
across a ravine from the monastery, takes about five hours for round trip.
Though the climb through the pine forest is steep, the journey is most
worthwhile on account of the superb views en route and especially from the
cafeteria viewpoint itself.
Ugyen
Pelri Palace
Also known as ‘Palace on Wheels’, it was built in 1930 by Paro Penlop (Governer).
It is believed that a carpenter was sent to India to get a sample and
without any formal education, he made the replica out of pumpkin. It is also
believed that palace used to be on wheels, hence known as Palace on Wheel.
On the roadside, beside the palace are the five square chortens, built in
the memory of the first King, Sir Ugyen Wangchuck.
Excursions around PARO
Haa valley
Start the day early for drive to Haa via Chele-la pass. 4 Km away at Bondey
village the road to Haa diverts towards the right hand side and the climb up
towards the chele-la pass starts. After driving through blue pine &
rhododendron forest for 45 km, reach Chele-la pass ( 4200 meters). From this
point one can have a superb views of Mount. Chomolhari & Jichu Drakey. This
is a very good place to walk around for few minutes enjoying the view. Drive
on to Haa, descending all the way for another 22 km (under an hours drive),
finally reaching Haa. The Haa Dzong is presently occupied by military, but
the view from outside is stunning. After picnic lunch visit to the famous
Monastery Lhakhang Karpo (White Temple) followed by visit to Lhakhang Nagpo
(Black Temple). The central shrine in Lhakhang Nagpo is said to have no
difference with that of Lhasa JOWO in Tibet. The construction of the Lakhang
Karpo is believed to have been assisted by the locality. As a result the
place came to be locally known as “Hay” meaning” surprise” which later
became “Haa” due to the differences in interpretations and pronunciations of
different people over time.
The three giant hills looming over the fringes of Haa valley were called ”Me
Rig Puen Sum” especially after the incidence of the Lhakhang Kdarpo
construction. Today the three hills are popularly known as “Rig Sum Goenpa”
signijfying three deities-Jambayang Chana Dorji and Chenrizig.
 Later, other Buddhist saints like Guru Rinpoche and “Machi Labdorn” came to
the Jungney Drag in Haa and blessed the locality. The principal religion
followed is Drukpa Kagyud.
After the arrival of Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyel, the chief guardian deity of
Haa became Ap Chundu.
Later in the afternoon drive to Paro same way back. The drive will be under
3 hours.
Kila
Goemba
This goemba, nestled in a craggy patch on the mountainside below the Chelela
pass (3780m), is surrounded by numerous huts, perched precariously along the
rock face. Kila Goemba, is the serene home of Buddhist nuns who have
dedicated their life for spiritual fulfillment and leading undisturbed life
of religious studies, prayer and meditation. From Chelela pass, the lhakhang
is about an hour walk amidst magnificent wooded area.
Bhutan has seven nunneries, of which Kila goemba and Bachung Karma Nunnery
in Punakha are the oldest. It was initially established in the early 9th
century by Dupthob Chhoeje Norbu and Dupthob Temba as meditation site. After
being destroyed by fire, the lhakhang was reconstructed by the 25th Je
Khenpo, Sherub Gyaltshen. In 1986, Kila Goemba was officially established by
the Government as nunnery. This monastery is historically significant as a
sacred meditation site for renowned saints including Dupthob Chilkarwa, of
the Drukpa Kagyupa school.
Chelela Pass
At an elevation 3,988 meters, it is considered to be one of the highest
motorable passes in Bhutan. The road to Chelela passes through lush valleys,
pine and rhododendron forests. The pass provides stunning views of the
sacred mountain Jomolhari and Jichu Drake.
Chelela pass is also marked by hundreds of prayer flags fluttering in the
wind. A short walk above the pass, and one might come across signs of ‘sky
burials’.
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THIMPHU (alt. 2,400m)
The capital town of Bhutan and the centre of government, religion and
commerce, Thimphu is a unique city with unusual mixture of modern
development alongside ancient traditions. Although not what one expects from
a capital city, Thimphu is still a fitting and lively place. Home to civil
servants, expatriates and monk body, Thimphu maintains a strong national
character in its architectural style.
Places of Interest in THIMPHU
Trashichhodzong
Also know as ‘fortress of the glorious religion’, it was initially erected
in 1641 and rebuilt by King Jigme Dorji Wangchuk in its present form, in
1965. The Dzong houses some ministries, His Majesty’s secretariat, and the
central monk body. With its superb sense of proportion and space, the Dzong
carries an aura of regal dignity. It is open to visitors during the Thimphu
Tshechu (held in autumn) and while the monk body is resident in its winter
quarters in Punakha.
National
Memorial Chorten
The building of this chorten was originally the idea of Bhutan’s third King,
H.M. Jigme Dorji Wangchuk (‘the father of modern Bhutan’), who had wished to
erect a monument to world peace and prosperity, but was unable to give shape
to his idea in his lifetime due to pressure of state. After His Majesty’s
untimely death in 1972, the Royal Family and Cabinet resolved to fulfill his
wishes and erect a memorial that would perpetuate his memory and also serve
as a monument to peace. The National Memorial Chorten was consecrated on
July 28, 1974. The finely executed wall paintings and delicately fashioned
statues within the monument provide a deep insight into Buddhist philosophy.
Simtokha Dzong
Officially known as ‘Sangak Zabdhon Phodrang’ (Palace of Profound Meaning of
Secret Mantras), Simtokha Dzong was built in 1629 by Shabdrung Ngawang
Namgyal. Since 1961 it has been home of a Rigney (religious and classical
studies). Strategically positioned to control all approaches to Thimphu,
this Dzong successfully withstood attacks by Tibetan armies in 1634. The
most noteworthy artistic feature of this Dzong is the series of over 300
finely worked slate carvings, behind the prayer wheels in the courtyard. The
central figure in the lhakhang is of Sakyamuni, flanked by images of eight
Bodhisattvas. The paintings inside the lhakhang are said to be some of the
oldest and most beautiful in Bhutan.
National Library
Established in 1967, National Library is a major scriptural repository and
research facility dedicated to the preservation and promotion of the rich
literary, cultural and religious heritage of Bhutan. The scripture and
document collection held in library and archives is a national treasure and
a fundamental source for Bhutanese history, religion, medicine, art and
culture. The Library accommodates a vast and steadily growing collection of
manuscripts, books, scriptures and written documents as well as a large
number of hand carved wooden blocks for printing traditional religious book
and prayer flags. In particular, the library holds one of the largest
treasuries of Mahayana Buddhist literature in the world. Most of this
material is written in the classical "Dharma Language" (chos skad ), which
was for well over a millenium the lingua franca of the Himalayan and Central
Asian Buddhist world.
Institute for Zorig Chusum
 Commonly
known as Painting school, the Institute was established in 1971 by Royal
Government of Bhutan to preserve invaluable heritage and promote traditional
arts in Bhutan. On a visit one can see students learning the various skills
taught at the school. ‘Zorig Chusum’ means thirteen crafts comprising of :
paintings, carpentry, carving, sculpture, casting, blacksmithing, bamboo
work, gold & silversmithing, weaving, embroidery, masonry, leather work and
paper making.
Traditional Medicine Institute
In Bhutan, equal emphasis is given to both allopathic and traditional
medicines. The rich herbal medicines made up from medicinal plants abundant
in the Kingdom are prepared and dispensed here. The Institute is also a
training school for traditional medicine practitioners. The complex is
closed to visitors due to considerations of hygiene, but one can still walk
around and view it from outside.
Dechen Phug Monastery
Founded in the 12th century, it is situated in a valley about 20 minutes
drive from Thimphu. Dechenphug is the seat of the Jagpa Melen, the main
guardian deity of the Drukpa Kagyupa School, the state religion of Bhutan.
The name Thimphu (disappeared into the store) is derived from a stone in the
courtyard where the deity resides. The complex consists of a central tower,
the Guru Lhakhang and the quarters arranged around a courtyard. The main
tower is painted red which is particular only to Dechenphug, signifying its
devotion to the war lord Jagpa Melen.
The Folk Heritage Museum (Phelchey Toenkhyim)
It is dedicated to
connect people to the Bhutanese rural past through exhibits, demonstrations,
educational programmes and documentation of rural life. The principal
exhibit in the museum is a restored three storey traditional rammed mud and
timber house, which dates back to the mid 19th century. The design and form
of house is that of an average household in the Wang area during that era.
The age of structure demonstrates the durability and performance of the
building materials. From ground to top floor, household objects, typical
domestic tools and equipments that would have been used by a family during
that period are put on display. The museum is also developing some of the
native trees and plants that were used for various domestic purposes in the
rural households.
National Textile Museum
With the opening of Textile Museum, under the patronage of Her Majesty the
Queen Ashi Sangay Choden, Bhutanese textile have reached new heights as one
of the most visible distinct art form. The textile museum has opened its
exhibition on six major themes - warp pattern weaves, weft pattern weaves,
role of textiles in religion, achievements in textile arts, textiles from
indigenous fibres and the royal collection. The crowns of Bhutan’s Kings,
namzas (dresses), the first version of Royal Crown and other accessories
used by members of Royal family can be found in the museum. The goal of the
museum is to gradually become a center for textile studies that will carry
out documentation, research and studies on Bhutanese textiles.
Handicrafts Emporiums
Located in the center of the capital city, Thimphu, the Handicrafts Emporium
showcases over 100 different varieties of items ranging from traditional
Bhutanese arts, crafts and musical items to modern representation of Bhutan
in various forms. It was primarily set up in 1971 with the objective of
marketing handicrafts and undertaking other related activities. The status
of the Handicrafts Emporium was given a formal touch in 1984 when it was
renamed as Handicrafts Development Corporation and incorporated under a
Royal Charter. The Emporium also operates the Women’s Association’s market
outlet for products from the National Handloom Development Centre, Khaling
and Bhutanese Paper Factory, Mongar. It also undertakes the production of
paintings, woodcrafts, embroidery, sculpting, etc in order to preserve the
country’s age-old traditions. A wide assortment of colourful, hand woven
textiles and other craft products is available for sale at the emporium and
many smaller craft shops around the town.
Weekend Market
Most of the Thimphu’s population and many valley dwellers converge on the
bustling weekend market, held down by the river. A wide range of foodstuffs
and local arts and crafts are sold at the market, which runs from Friday
afternoon to Sunday. A visit to the market provides great photo
opportunities, as well as the chance to mingle with local people and perhaps
buy souvenirs.
 Changangkha Lhakhang
It is one of the oldest temples in the Thimphu valley, built in the 12th
century on a site chosen by Lam Phajo Durgom Zhigpo, who came from Ralung,
Tibet. The main chapel houses a unique statue of the seated Avalokiteshvara,
the Buddha of Compassion. The other structure across the courtyard marked
significantly with its grey, houses the protective deity. The entire complex
situated on a hillock offers a magnificent view of the Thimphu valley below.
Changlimithang Ground
This is the site of an historic battle fought in 1885, which gave
virtual control of the whole country to the first King, Ugen Wangchuk, thus
leading to the unification of the country. Today it is the venue for archery
competitions and soccer matches along with important celebrations like the
National day. The Royal pavilion is a fine example of Bhutanese architecture
built by the late Zori Lopon, one of the foremost master builders of the
country.
Excursions around THIMPHU
Tango Goemba
Founded in the 13th century, it is one of the most beautiful hillslope
monasteries in Bhutan. Associated with both Lama Drukpa Kuenley and
Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal, Tango is now an important centre of higher
learning for monks. The picturesque three-storey tower and several
surrounding buildings of monastery were built in the 18th century by the
eighth Desi, Druk Rabgye and Shabdrung Jigme Chhogyel added the golden roof
in the 19th century. Situated north of Thimphu, one way it takes about 30
minutes drive and one hour walk through shaded rhododendron forests to reach
the monastery.
Cheri Goemba
This monastery was built by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal in 1620. A silver
chorten inside the monastery holds the ashes of Shabdrung’s father. The
goemba is situated about half an hour walk from Dodena (alt. 2,600m). The
trail commences by crossing a traditional wooden bridge that spans the
Thimphu Chhu, then climbs steeply to the monastery. Being the place where
the Shabdrung spent many years in meditation, Cheri today has numerous
hermitages and small temples located on its slopes, commanding spectacular
views. The one way walk to the monastery is approx 4.5 km, taking about 2
hours.
Phajoding Goemba
Situated on a commanding height (3700m) overlooking Thimphu valley, this
monastery was built in 15th century by Shagcha Rinchen who introduced the
Drukpa Kagyupa School in Bhutan, in the 13th century. Here Guru Padsambhava
is shown in terrifying appearance holding a sword in his right hand and a
bowl made of a skull in left hand. The yogic path that turns from India to
the mountains of Tibet and Bhutan is set here in symbols with utmost
consistency. It was one time one of the richest monasteries in the country.
From Thimphu, it is about 3.1/2 hours hike (walk) to the monastery.
Druk
Wangyal Khangzang Chortens & Dochula Pass
The Druk Wangyal Khangzang Chortens is a unique cluster of 108 Namgyal
Khangzang Chortens that spiral up to a main monument, with colourful prayer
flag surrounding the entire area. With Her Majesty Ashi Dorji Wangmo
Wangchuk’s initiative, these chortens were built to honour His Majesty the
4th Druk Gyalpo and his people for their victory in the war fought in
southern region of Bhutan in 2003 and for the benefit of all sentient
beings. The Chortens are also a celebration of the stability and progress
that His Majesty the King brought to the nation and are a new landmark for
travelers as they cross Dochula, the first mountain pass into the interior
of the country. Dochula pass also affords (on a clear day) a close-up view
of the Bhutan Himalaya. The mountains viewed from the west to east are:
Gangchenta (6840m) Gangkhar Puensum, Bhutan’s highest peak (7541m),
Jejekangphu Gang (7100m), Kang Bum (6526m), Kangphu Gang (7212m), Masang
Gang (7165m), Teri Gang (7300m), Tsenda Gang (7100m), Zongphu Gang‘Table
Mountain’(7100m).
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PUNAKHA (alt. 1,300m)
 Punakha served as the capital of Bhutan until and still it is the winter
seat of Je Khnep (the chief abbot). Blessed with temperate climate and owing
to its natural drainage from Pho Chhu (male) and Mo Chhu (female) rivers,
the Punakha valley produces abundant crops and fruits. There are splendid
views of the distant Himalayas at Dochula pas (alt. 3,050m) on Thimphu –
Punakha road.
Places of Interest in PUNAKHA
Punakha Dzong
Built strategically at the junction of Pho Chhu and Mo Chhu rivers in 1637
by Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal to serve as the religious and administrative
centre of the region, Punakha Dzong has played an important role in Bhutan’s
history. Damaged by four catastrophic fires and an earthquake, the Dzong has
been fully restored by the present King. The Dzong is open for visitors
during Punakha festival and in summer months when the monk body moves to
Thimphu.
Excursions around PUNAKHA
Chimi Lhakhang
The Chimi Lhakhang, situated on a hillock in the centre of the valley, is
dedicated to Lama Drukpa Kuenley, who in the late 15th century used humour,
songs and outrageous behaviour to dramatise his teachings and due to this
also known as ‘Divine Madman’. This temple is also known as the temple of
fertility. It is widely believed that couples who do not have children and
wanting one, if they pray at this temple, they are usually blessed with a
child very soon. It is about 30 minute walk across field from the road to
the temple. The trail leads across rice fields to the tiny settlement of
Pana, meaning ‘field’. It then follows a tiny stream downhill to Yoaka and
across more fields before making a short climb to Chimi Lhakhang.
Khamsum Yulley Namgyal Chorten
A beautiful hike takes one to the regal Khamsum Yuelley Namgel Chorten,
which was built to remove negative forces and promote peace, stability and
harmony in the changing world. The Chorten dominates the upper Punakha
Valley with commanding views across the Mo Chhu and up towards the
mountainous peaks of Gasa and beyond.
Limbukha
 Drive
to Punakha Dzong, which can be visited from April to November when the Je
Khenpo (Chief Abbot) and the central monk body are at their summer quarters
in Thimphu. Stroll across the narrow suspension bridge (about 200m long)
above the river and enjoy fresh breezes and a splendid view of this massive
Dzong. Follow the farm houses gradually climbing towards the Dompala hills.
Enjoy superb view of Punakha Dzong and surrounding villages as you climb
upwards through the pine forests, to Limbukha, a journey of about two and a
half hours.
Limbukha farmers grow Bhutan’s famous red rice which is supposed to have
medicinal values. This particular rice needs clean mountain spring so that
the taste is good and nutritional value maintained. Limbukha is also known
for its love of peace and tranquility. According to legend, during medieval
wars the ‘limpus’ (people of Limbukha) always volunteered their services as
negotiators for peace. Their traditional role is honored on the last day of
Punakha’s annual religious festival, when Limbukha men taking part in the
concluding procession out from the Dzong carry peace flags, rather than
weapons of war.
Talo
The picturesque village of Talo, scattered along a ridge above the Punakha
valley at an altitude of around 2,800m, is known amongst Punakha villages
for its neat and clean appearance. Talo Sangnacholing is built on a small
plateau at the top of the village, and from there one has majestic view of
entire valley and surrounding villages and the high hills beyond
Wangduephodrang which marks the gateway to central Bhutan. The women here
are particularly known for their beauty. Talo is about an hour’s drive from
Punakha.
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WANGDUEPHODRANG (alt. 1,300m)
Wangduephodrang is the last town on the central highway before central
Bhutan. The town is not more than an enlarged village with a few
well-provided shops. Located in the south of Punakha, the higher reaches of
the Wangduephodrang valley provide rich pastureland for cattle. This
district is also famous for its fine bamboo products, slate and stone
carvings.
Places of Interest in WANGDUEPHODRANG
Wangduephodrang Dzong
Sitting on top of the hill at the confluence of Punakha Chhu and Tang Chhu
rivers, Wangduephodrang Dzong is town’s most visible features. The Dzong is
open for visitors during Wangduephodrang Tsechu celebrated in autumn.
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Gangtey &
Phobjikha (alt. 3000m)
The valley of Gangtey is one of
the most beautiful spots in Bhutan. The surprise of finding such a wide,
flat valley without any trees after the hard climb through dense forests is
augmented by an impression of vast space, and extremely rare experience in
Bhutan where most of the valley’s are tightly enclosed.
 A
few kilometers beyond the Gangtey Monastery , on the valley floor lies the
village of Phobjikha. This place is the winter home of black necked cranes
that migrate from the arid plains in the north to pass winter winter in
milder and lower climate. Phobjikha, at an altitude of 2900 m, falls under
the district of Wangduephodrang and lies on the periphery of the Black
Mountain National Park. The valley boasts two beautiful meandering rivers,
Nakay Chhu (Chhu Naap-black water) and Gay Chhu (Chhu Karp-white water).
According to a local legend, the two rivers actually represent a snake and a
boar. The two animals once raced each other with an agreement that if the
snake (Nakay Chhu) won, Phobjikha valley would be able to grow rice, but if
the boar won, then rice could never be cultivated in the area. The snake
lost since it had to meander all the way during its journey. Rice cannot be
cultivated in the valley even today.
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Gangtey Goempa
Perched on a small hill that
rises from the valley floor, the Gangtey Monastery is the only Nyingmapa
monastery on the western side of the Black Mountain’s and also the biggest
Nyingmapa monastery in Bhutan. The Monastery is surrounded by a large
village inhabited mainly by the families of the 140 Gomchens who take care
of the Monastery.
Gangtey was founded by Pema Trinley, the grand son of Pema Lingpa, the
famous Nyingmapa saint of Bhutan. In 1613, Pema Trinley establish the
monastery and became the first Gangtey Tulku. The religious traditions of
Pema Lingpa still taught there. The second Tulku, Tenzin Legpa Dondrup (1645
to 1726), enhanced the size of Gangtey while keeping up good relations with
Drukpas, and rebuilt the monastery in the form of a Dzong.
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TRONGSA (alt. 2,300m)
 Trongsa forms the central hub of the nation and is historically the place
from where attempts at unifying the country were launched. Both His Majesty
King Ugyen Wangchuck, the Penlop of Trongsa, who was elected the country’s
first hereditary monarch and his successor, King Jigme Wangchuck, ruled the
country from Trongsa ancient seat. The Crown Prince of Bhutan normally holds
the position of the Trongsa Penlop prior to ascending the throne including
the present King who was appointed Penlop in 1972, shortly before his
succession to the throne. The entire landscape around Trongsa is
spectacular.
Places of Interest in TRONGSA
Chendbji Chorten
Approximate four hours drive from Wangduephodrang is Chendbji Chorten,
patterned on Swayambhunath temple in Kathmandu. It was built in 18th century
by Lama Shida, from Tibet, to cover the remains of an evil spirit that was
subdued at this spot.
Trongsa Dzong
Like almost all towns in the Kingdom, this Dzong architecture dominates the
entire Trongsa horizon dwarfing the surrounding buildings. Built in 1648, it
was the seat of power over central and eastern Bhutan. Both the first and
second King ruled the country from this ancient seat. Protected from
invaders by an impenetrable valley, Trongsa Dzong is an impregnable
fortress. The Dzong itself is a labyrinth of temples, corridors and offices
holding court over the local community. It is built on many levels into the
side of the hill and can be seen from every approach to Trongsa heralding
its strength as a defensive stronghold.
Ta Dzong
This watch tower which once guarded Trongsa Dzong from internal rebellion,
stands impressively and provides visitors an insight into historical
significance of Trongsa in Bhutan’s history.
Excursions around TRONGSA
Kuenga Rabten
It is about 23 km, one hour interesting drive from Trongsa. Kuenga Rabten
was the winter palace of the second King and now looked after by National
Commission for Cultural Affairs. It is pleasant afternoon trip from Trongsa
and offers good insight into the early days of Bhutan monarchy.
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BUMTHANG ( alt. 2,600m – 13,125 feet)
 Bumthang has an individuality that charms its visitors and separates it from
other regions. Comprising of four smaller valleys, the deeply spiritual
region of Bumthang is shrouded in religious legend. Bumthang is also the
traditional home to the great Buddhist teacher Pema Linga to whose
descendants the present dynasty traces its origin.
Places of Interest in BUMTHANG
Jambey Lhakhang
This monastery was built in the 7th century by Tibetan King, Songtsen Gampo.
It is one of the 108 monasteries built by him to subdue evil spirits n the
Himalayan region. Its present architectural appearance dates from the early
20th century.
Kurje Lhakhang
Situated before Jambey Lhakhang, Kurje Lhakhang consists of three temples.
The one on the right was built in 1652 on the rack face where Guru meditated
in the 8th century. Second temple is built on the site of a cave containing
a rock with the imprint of Guru’s body and is therefore considered the most
holy. The third temple was built in 1990s by Ashi Kesang, the Queen Mother.
These three temples are surrounded by a 108 chorten wall.
Tamshing Lhakhang
 Located opposite Kurje Lhakhang on the other side of the river, this temple
was founded in 1501 by Terton Pema Lingpa, the re-incarnation of Guru
Padsambhava. The monastery has very ancient religious paintings like 1,000
Buddhas and 21 Taras (female form of Buddhistava). The temple was restored
at the end of the 19th century.
Jakar Dzong
Founded by great grand-father of the first Shabdrung, the Dzong was
initially built as a monastery in 1549. It was upgraded after the Shabdrung
had firmly established his power in 1646. The Dzong is now used as
administrative centre for Bumthang valley, and houses the regional monk
body.
Excursions around BUMTHANG
Tangbi Goemba
A walk of half an hour north of Kurje Lhahang leads to this monastery,
founded in 1470 by Shamar Rinpoche of the Kagyupa religious school. The
temple has two sanctuaries and a temple of terrifying deities. The sanctuary
on the ground floor contains statues of past, present and future Buddha and
three clay statues probably dating end of the 15th century. On the upper
floor, the vestibule contains two remarkable paintings of Guru Rinpoche’s
heaven and the Buddha Amitabh’s heaven.
Ngang Lhakhang
A few hours walk from the Tangbi Goemba is the small region of Ngang Yul
(Swan Land) and this temple here is 100 m above the valley floor. The site
was visited by Guru Rinpoche and present temple was built in the 15th
century by Lama Namkha Samdup, a contemporary of Pema Lingpa. A three days
festival is held here each winter with masked dances in honor of the founder
of the temple.
Membetsho
This place is about five minutes walk from Tang valley (in Bumthang). Pema
lInga found several of Guru Rinpoche’s hidden treasures here. A wooden
bridge crosses the river and is a good vantage point to look down into the
lake. The importance of this site is indicated by the extensive array of
prayer flags and the small clay offering called ‘tse tsa’ in rock niches.
Ura Valley
Jakar ot Ura is 48 km, about one and a half hour drive. To reach here, the
road climbs to amazingly open countryside, only occasionally running into
forest. Large sheep pastures line the road up to 20 km behind the southern
tip of the Tang valley. The route crosses Ura la pass (3,600m) with a
magnificent view of Mount. Gangkhar Puensum. Villages in Ura have clustered
houses, which is quite unusual in Bhutan. Above Ura village (3,100m) is a
new temple dedicated to Guru Rinpoche. Inaugurated in 1986, it contains a
huge statue of the master and remarkable paintings of the cycle of his
teachings. Since last 25 years Ura has been transformed from a marginal
community to prosperous valley.
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MONGAR (alt. 1,600m)
 The journey from Bumthang to Mongar is one of the most beautiful in the
Himalayas crossing 4,000m high Thrumshingla pass. Gushing waterfalls, steep
cliffs with even steeper drops, blazing flowers and constantly changing
vegetation combine to make this journey as varied as it is beautiful.
Mongar marks the beginning of Eastern Bhutan. The second largest town in the
sub-tropical east, Mongar like Trashigang further east, is situated on the
side of a hill in the contrasts to other towns of Western Bhutan which was
built on the valley floor.
Places of Interest in MONGAR
Mongar Dzong
It is site of one of Bhutan’s newest Dzong built in 1930s. Yet the Dzong is
built in the same method and traditions of all the other Dzongs; no drawings
and nails have been used. A visit gives visitors an impression of how
traditional Bhutanese architecture has continued to thrive through the
centuries.
LHUNTSE
Lhuntse is 77 km from Mongar (3 hours drive) and is one of the most isolated
districts in the country. The landscape here is spectacular with stark
cliffs and gorges and dense coniferous forests. The region is notably famed
for its weavers and their special textiles generally considered to be the
best in the country. The Kurtoe region of Lhuntse is also the ancestral home
of royal dynasty.
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TRASHIGANG (alt. 1,100m)
In the far east of Bhutan, on the bank of Gamri Chhu river lies Trashigang,
the country’s largest district. Trashigang, once the centre of a busy trade
route with Tibet, is today the junction of east-west highway with road
connecting to Samdrup Jongkhar and then to the Indian States of Assam. This
town is also used as the market place for the semi nomadic people from Merak
and Sakteng whose costumes are unique in Bhutan.
Places of Interest in TRASHIGANG
Trashigang Dzong
 Built in 1659, the Dzong serves as the administrative seat for the district
as well as the home of the monk body. The Dzong commands a remarkable view
over the surrounding countryside.
Gom Kora
24 km from Trashigang, the temple of Gom Kora is set on a small alluvial
plateau overlooking the river. Surrounded by rice fields and clumps of
banana tress, it looks like an oasis in an arid landscape. It is one of the
famous places where Guru Rinpoche meditated in order to subdue a demon who
dwelt in a huge black rock.
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TRASHIYANGTSE (alt. 1,700m)
Trashiyangtse is a small village with a garden aspect and a lovely place
from where to launch a couples of hours stroll into surrounding countryside.
The Dzong was built in the later 1990s when the new district was created. A
very interest art school is worth the visit. Also Trashiyangtse is famous
for its wooden containers and bowls.
Places of Interest in TRASHIYANGTSE
Chorten Kora
 Constructed near the river, it is based on the stupa of Bodhnath in Nepal
and was built in 1740 by Lama Ngawang Loday. During the second month of
lunar calendar there is an interesting celebration here, known as ‘Kora’.
Bomdeling
About one hour walk from Chorten Kora, Bomdeling is the winter resting place
of a flock of black-necked cranes.
SAMDRUP JONGKHAR
The road from Trashigang to Samdrup Jongkhar was completed in 1960s and it
enables the eastern half of the country to access and benefit from trade
with the south as well as across the Indian border. There is little to see
in this area but it was being used mostly as a convenient exit town however
due to disturbances in adjoining Indian territory, the exit route has been
closed.
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